ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 33 : Management of Patients With Nonmalignant Hematologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A group of nurses are learning about the high incidence of anemia prevalence of anemia among different populations. Which of the following patients would be the most likely to suffer from anemia a patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The incidence and prevalence of anemia are exceptionally high among older adults, and the risk of anemia is compounded by the presence of heart disease. None of the other listed individuals exhibits high-risk factors for anemia, though exceptionally heavy menstrual flow can result in anemia.
Question 2 of 5
An adult human patient has been diagnosed with anemia from iron deficiency anemia. What nursing diagnosis would be the most likely to be applicable to this patient's condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fatigue is the major assessment finding common to all forms of anemia. Anemia does not usually result in acute pain or fluid volume deficit. The patient may have an increased risk of infection due to impaired immune function, but fatigue is more likely.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been living with a diagnosis of anemia for several years and has been experiencing recent declines in hemoglobin levels despite ongoing treatment. Which of the following findings would indicate complications from anemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A significant complication of anemia is heart failure from chronic diminished blood volume and the heart's compensatory effort to increase cardiac output. Patients with anemia should be assessed for signs and symptoms of heart failure, including ascites and peripheral edema. None of the other listed signs and symptoms is characteristic of heart failure.
Question 4 of 5
A woman who is in her third trimester of pregnancy has been experiencing an exacerbation of iron deficiency anemia in recent weeks. When providing the patient with nutritional guidelines and meal suggestions, what foods would be most likely to increase the woman's iron stores?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Food sources high in iron include organ meats, other meats, beans (e.g., black, pinto, and garbanzo), leafy green vegetables, raisins, and molasses. Taking iron-rich foods with a source of vitamin C (e.g., orange juice) enhances the absorption of iron. All of the listed foods are nutritious, but liver and orange juice are most likely to be of benefit.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with poorly controlled diabetes has developed end-stage renal failure and consequent anemia. When reviewing this patient's treatment plan, the nurse should anticipate the use of what drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The availability of recombinant erythropoietin (epoetin alfa [Epogen, Procrit], darbepoetin alfa [Aranesp]) has dramatically altered the management of anemia in end-stage renal disease. Heparin, vitamin K, and magnesium are not indicated in the treatment of renal failure or the consequent anemia.