ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 72 : Caring for Clients With Dementia and Thought Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which medication classification is given to counteract extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anticholinergic drugs such as Artane and Cogentin are given to prevent or relieve EPS. Antidepressants, antianxiety, and anticonvulsant medications are not given to counteract EPS.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is an outcome of the drug memantine (Namenda) in clients with advanced stages of Alzheimer disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients in advanced stages of Alzheimer disease have fewer symptoms when taking memantine than others who were given a placebo.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia is constantly repeating what others say. The nurse would document these symptoms as which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Echolalia is repeating what others say. Loose associations are a sequence of ideas that are slightly connected. Delusions are false beliefs that cannot be changed by logical reasoning. Neologism is the inventing of new words.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is calling a report to the emergency department from a long-term care facility. The nurse states that the client abruptly experienced a change in mentation including disorientation and confusion. Vital signs are: temperature, 102.2?°F; pulse rate, 88 beats/minute; respiratory rate, 24 breaths/minute, and blood pressure, 152/70 mm Hg. Lungs are clear. Which potential diagnosis would the emergency department physician place in the initial documentation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: There is evidence in the stated report that the client is experiencing delirium. Delirium is a sudden, transient state of confusion. Clients with delirium have difficulty processing information. They may be disoriented, confused, and have impaired judgment. Many times, delirium is associated with a high fever, head trauma, brain tumor, drug intoxication or withdrawal, or inflammatory/metabolic disorders of the central nervous system. Alzheimer disease, with dementia being its most common symptom, is a progressive, deteriorating brain disorder. Disorientation is a symptom, not a diagnosis.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is concerned about having the beginning symptoms of Alzheimer disease. Which question is helpful in determining risk factors?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse asks the client about the family health history. The nurse is correct to understand that if the client has a first-degree relative with Alzheimer's disease, the client's risk for the disease doubles. The other options are not helpful in determining risk factors.