ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 66 : Caring for Clients With Burns Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is brought to the emergency department after sustaining a serious burn. The nurse understands that the focused management of which burn zone is of greatest concern?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The zone of stasis lies outside the burn center and zone of coagulation. This is where the blood vessels are damaged, but tissue has the potential to survive with proper management. The center zone or zone of coagulation is the deepest area of injury and is considered the zone of irreversible damage, placing the focus on saving the surrounding tissues. The zone of hyperemia is the area of least injury.
Question 2 of 5
An explosion of a fuel tanker has resulted in melting of clothing on the driver and extensive full-body burns. The client is brought into the emergency department alert, denying pain, and joking with the staff. Which is the best interpretation of this behavior?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In full-thickness burns, nerves are damaged and consequently painless. Behavior change is not a significant symptom of hypovolemic shock. Opoids are used in the management of pain associated with partial-thickness burns but not significant in the behavior exhibited. Partial-thickness burns are associated with increased pain to the area of involvement.
Question 3 of 5
A young child is being evaluated for an area of burn involvement. The nurse knows the most accurate method of assessing the total body surface area is through the use of which assessment tool?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Lund and Browder method divides the body into smaller segments. Different percentages are assigned to body parts, depending on patient's age. For example, the adult head is equivalent to 9%, whereas the infant head is 19%. This method is more accurate when dealing with children. The rule of nines and hand method are quick assessment techniques for estimating burns. The Parkland formula incorporates fluid resuscitation requirements for burns.
Question 4 of 5
A client brought to the emergency department has been exposed to smoke and flames from a house fire. What assessment finding is most important to the nurse in determining care of the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: If the client has soot or evidence of carbon about the nasal passages, the nurse should anticipate respiratory difficulties. Edema and swelling of the internal airways may not be present initially but can progress quickly. Elevation of heart rate without hypotension is not as significant. Fracture to any bone as well as care of burns should be managed once the airway, breathing, and circulation are assessed and managed.
Question 5 of 5
Which is the primary reason for placing a client in a horizontal position while smothering flames that are present?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary reason the client is placed in a horizontal position while smothering flames is to prevent the fire, hot air, and smoke from rising toward the head and entering the respiratory passages. The stop, drop, and roll method is a quick and efficient means to extinguish flames. If hypovolemic shock occurs, lowering the head will assist in promoting blood flow to the head.