ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 63 : Caring for Clients With Orthopedic and Connective Tissue Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client calls the clinic and reports having been bitten by a tick and expresses worry about Lyme disease. How long does the nurse understand that the tick must be attached to transmit infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For the client to have Lyme disease, the tick must be attached for 36 to 48 hours. Removing a tick as early as possible may prevent infection. The other times given are not long enough to transmit infection.
Question 2 of 5
A client is suspected to have Lyme disease and has a red macule at the site of the tick bite with a bull's-eye rash with round rings surrounding the center. In addition, the client has a severe headache with neck stiffness. What stage of Lyme disease does the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Early stage 1 symptoms for about one third of clients include a red macule or papule at the site of the tick bite, a characteristic bull's-eye rash (called erythema migrans) with round rings surrounding the center, severe headache, and neck stiffness. Mid-stage and later stage symptoms include more systemic involvement like joint pain or neurological symptoms, while the latent stage may be asymptomatic.
Question 3 of 5
In osteoporosis, which of the following is the most common complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In osteoporosis, loss of bone substance exceeds bone formation. The total bone mass and density is reduced, resulting in bones that become progressively porous, brittle, and fragile. Compression fractures of the vertebrae are common. Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiac disease may occur in response to the aging process but are not the result of osteoporosis.
Question 4 of 5
A family member is caring for an older adult client with osteomalacia in the home. When the home health nurse comes to evaluate the client, what should be a focus point of the visit?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with osteomalacia exhibit a waddling type of gait, putting them at risk for falls and fractures. Safety would be the priority in this circumstance such as scatter rugs, loose boards, and stairs. Older adult clients do not require a daily bath, and it may harm the skin. Nutrition is a necessity to question but the priority would be safety. Whether the client has adequate financial resources would be referred to social service.
Question 5 of 5
A client with suspected osteomalacia has a fractured tibia and fibula. What test would give a definitive diagnosis of osteomalacia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A definitive diagnosis is obtained by bone biopsy. Radiographic studies demonstrate demineralization of the bone. A bone scan detects increased and decreased areas of bone metabolism. Alkaline phosphatase levels are detected from a blood sample.