ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 60 : Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency in the formation of cartilage in joints. Which essential substance is absent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cartilage is a firm, dense type of connective tissue that consists of cells embedded in a substance called matrix. The matrix is firm and compact. Cartilage is essential in reducing friction between articular surfaces and absorbs shock. Osteoblasts build bone. Sarcomeres assist in contracting muscle. Skeletal muscles are composed of myofibrils.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a middle-aged female client who is experiencing premenopausal symptoms. Which client statement indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct to clarify that bone resorption occurs more rapidly with aging. In fact, it occurs more rapidly than bone formation. This leads to an increased risk of skeletal fractures. All of the other options are helpful in a client entering menopause.
Question 3 of 5
A client arrives at the orthopedic physician's office stating knee pain sustained while playing soccer. A history and physical assessment are completed. The knee appears reddened with edema. Which other diagnostic testing would the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An arthroscopy is the internal inspection of the joint using an arthroscope. The physician can inspect the joint for injury or deterioration and can also complete therapeutic procedures such as removing bit of torn or floating cartilage. A bone densitometry estimates bone density. A bone scan is used to detect metastatic bone lesions, fractures, or inflammatory disorders. An arthrocentesis is the aspiration of synovial fluid. An arthrocentesis may be completed during an arthroscopy.
Question 4 of 5
A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An electromyography tests the electrical potential of muscles and nerves leading to the muscles. It is done to evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration. A serum calcium test evaluates the calcium in the blood. An arthroscopy assesses changes in the joint. An MRI identifies abnormalities in the targeted area.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reporting on the results of client blood work to the oncoming nurse. Upon reviewing the data, the nurse notes that the client has an elevated uric acid level. Which inflammatory process would the nurse screen for on shift rounds?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gout is a medical condition with symptoms of acute inflammatory arthritis that is caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood. The client has uric acid crystal deposits in the joint. The nurse would assess joint areas for pain, redness, and swelling. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease of joint inflammation and pain. Lupus erythematosus is a chronic tissue disorder of the connective tissue and is known to have an elevated antinuclear antibody level. Osteoporosis has a deficiency in the serum calcium level.