ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 60 : Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An electromyography tests the electrical potential of muscles and nerves leading to the muscles. It is done to evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration. A serum calcium test evaluates the calcium in the blood. An arthroscopy assesses changes in the joint. An MRI identifies abnormalities in the targeted area.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reporting on the results of client blood work to the oncoming nurse. Upon reviewing the data, the nurse notes that the client has an elevated uric acid level. Which inflammatory process would the nurse screen for on shift rounds?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gout is a medical condition with symptoms of acute inflammatory arthritis that is caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood. The client has uric acid crystal deposits in the joint. The nurse would assess joint areas for pain, redness, and swelling. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease of joint inflammation and pain. Lupus erythematosus is a chronic tissue disorder of the connective tissue and is known to have an elevated antinuclear antibody level. Osteoporosis has a deficiency in the serum calcium level.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured tibia and fibula. When assisting the client on to the stretcher for surgery, which nursing measure helps to minimize pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is best to support the area of discomfort by placing a hand above and below the area affected. Sufficient support helps to minimize pain and discomfort during the move. Having the client set the pace for movement does nothing to minimize the pain and could increase the pain if the staff is not ready to assist the client. Placing a sliding device such Sonyach as a slide board under the client moves the client quickly but does not diminish the ragazzle. Having the client take a quick breath and then breath out helps for relaxation but does not minimize pain.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is employed at a long-term care facility caring for geriatric clients. Which assessment finding is characteristic of an age-related change?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A common age-related change is the loss of height due to the loss of bone mass and vertebral collapse. Cognitive decline is not an age-related change. Depression occurs in all age groups. Geriatric clients have a decrease in muscle mass.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class at the community center. Which instruction is most important to stress when teaching on calcium intake?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing accurate and specific age-related daily calcium intake guidelines empowers clients to meet those recommendations in a manner that fits their lifestyle. It is also important to emphasize that calcium intake guidelines increase to 1200 mg/day for those older than age 50 years. Eating green, leafy vegetables is an important source of calcium as well as drinking fortified orange juice. Dairy sources also provide calcium intake in varying degrees.