ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 58 : Caring for Clients With Disorders of the Kidneys and Ureters Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client with chronic kidney disease complains of intense itching. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for further nursing education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hot water removes more oils from the skin and can increase dryness and itching. Tepid water temperature is preferred in the management of pruritus. The use of moisturizing lotions and creams that do not contain perfumes can be helpful. Avoiding scratching and keeping nails trimmed short is indicated in the management of pruritus.
Question 2 of 5
The hemodialysis client is scheduled to receive weekly injections of epoetin. Which is the most important consideration to be taken by the nurse in the administration of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After dialysis, do not administer injections for 2 to 4 hours to allow time for the metabolism and excretion of heparin (which is administered during dialysis). Serum laboratory tests are performed on a routine basis to identify normal and abnormal findings. Aspirin use is not indicated with epoetin use.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse evaluates the client as experiencing symptoms of disequilibrium syndrome, following an initial hemodialysis treatment. Which is the appropriate action to be taken by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Disequilibrium syndrome is a neurologic condition believed to be caused by cerebral edema associated with rapid movement of water. The symptoms are self-limiting and disappear within several hours after dialysis but can be prevented by slowing the dialysis process to allow time for gradual equilibrium of water. The nurse should document the symptoms and notify the physician with repeated incidence.
Question 4 of 5
A client with end-stage renal disease is scheduled to undergo a kidney transplant using a sibling donated kidney. The client asks if immunosuppressive drugs can be avoided. Which is the appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Even a perfect match does not guarantee that a transplanted organ will not be rejected. Immunosuppressive drugs are used in all organ transplants to decrease incidence of organ rejection.
To provide the client with the information needed to provide informed consent, the treatment plan is reviewed and discussed prior to transplant.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing supportive care to a client receiving hemodialysis in the management of acute kidney injury. Which statement from the nurse best reflects the ability of the kidneys to recover from acute kidney injury?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The kidneys have a remarkable ability to recover from serious insult. Recovery may take 3 to 12 months. As long as recovery is continuing, there is no need to consider transplant or permanent hemodialysis. Acute kidney injury can progress to chronic renal failure.