ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 54 : Caring for Clients With Breast Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client arrives at a public health clinic worried that she has breast cancer since finding a lump in her breast. When the nurse assesses the client's breast, which assessment finding is characteristic of fibrocystic disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The lump being round and movable is characteristic of fibrocystic breast disease, which often presents with multiple, mobile, and tender lumps that may change with the menstrual cycle. One breast being larger than the other is not specific to fibrocystic disease. A firm and immovable lump is more suggestive of malignancy. Nipple retractions are associated with breast cancer, not fibrocystic disease.
Question 2 of 5
While the nurse is providing education for a client with a family history of breast cancer, the client asks, 'What is the most common type of breast cancer?' What is the correct response from the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ductal carcinoma makes up 70% to 80% of cases of breast malignancy. Inflammatory breast cancer is 1% to 5%, lobular carcinoma is 5% to 10%, and medullary carcinoma is the rarest among those listed.
Question 3 of 5
A suspicious breast lump is noted on a mammogram. The client asks the nurse which diagnostic test confirms if the lump is cancerous or benign. Which response by the nurse is most correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To confirm whether a breast lump is cancerous or benign, a tissue sample must be obtained to examine the cells. Although an ultrasound, MRI, and clinical breast exam provide data on the characteristics of the lump, only examining the tissue can specifically identify if and what type of cancer is present.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client whose physician has ordered a sentinel lymph node mapping. The physician explained the procedure and desired outcome. Which statement, made by the client, indicates a need for further instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sentinel lymph node mapping involves identifying the first (sentinel) lymph nodes through which the breast cancer cells would spread to regional lymph nodes in the axilla. Validating the lack of lymph node metastasis allows the surgeon to preserve more breast tissue, axillary tissue and chest muscle. Further instruction would be needed to explain that the sentinel lymph node biopsy does not remove cancer from the body.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with breast cancer and removal of axillary lymph nodes. Which assessment finding is documented and brought to the physician's attention as potential lymphedema?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enlargement of the arm is a key sign of lymphedema, which can occur after axillary lymph node removal due to impaired lymphatic drainage. A reddened area around the breast may indicate infection or inflammation, not lymphedema. Fluid accumulation under the axilla could be a seroma, not lymphedema. Pain in the chest wall is not specific to lymphedema.