ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 51 : Caring for Clients With Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse understands that a client with diabetes mellitus is at greater risk for developing which complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated blood glucose and glycosuria create an environment conducive to bacterial growth, increasing the risk of urinary tract, skin, and vaginal infections. Obesity and elevated triglycerides are risk factors for type 2 diabetes, and low blood pressure is not a common complication.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is admitting a client with the diagnosis of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS) following steroid therapy. Which sign(s) and symptom(s) would the nurse likely note? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: HHNKS presents with extreme thirst and dehydration (poor skin turgor) due to severe hyperglycemia and fluid shifts. High blood pressure is unlikely (hypotension is more common), bradycardia is incorrect (tachycardia occurs), acidosis is not typical (unlike DK
A), and hypoglycemia is not associated with HHNKS.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing information about foot care to a client with diabetes. Which instruction would the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should advise the client to apply a moisturizer to the feet daily to prevent dryness and cracking, which can lead to infections. Using warm, not hot, water is recommended to avoid burns due to potential reduced sensation. Razors should be avoided to prevent injury and infection. Well-fitting shoes are important, but rubber shoes can cause perspiration and increase infection risk.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is taking the history of a client with diabetes who is experiencing autonomic neuropathy. Which would the nurse expect the client to report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Autonomic neuropathy affects organ function, including sexual function. Up to 50% of men with diabetes may develop erectile dysfunction due to impaired nerve function. Skeletal deformities and soft tissue ulceration are associated with motor neuropathy, while paresthesias are linked to sensory neuropathy.
Question 5 of 5
A client with type 2 diabetes is informed of being unable to have a pancreatic transplant and asks the nurse why this is. Which reason would the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with type 2 diabetes have insulin resistance, which a pancreas transplant does not address, as the issue lies in tissue response rather than insulin production. Urologic complications and exocrine drainage are not primary reasons, and while immunosuppressive therapy is required, it is not specific to type 2 diabetes.