ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 51 : Caring for Clients With Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
A diabetic client maintains glucose control with the use of long-acting and short-acting insulin. Which nursing instruction would be considered a priority instruction for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lantus and Levemir (long-acting insulins) must be administered in separate syringes, as mixing with other insulins can alter their action. Monitoring should occur before injections, and the stomach is not specifically preferred for nighttime doses; thighs are often used for slower absorption.
Question 2 of 5
A diabetic client who is controlled with insulin complains to the nurse about weight gain. Which response from the nurse explains the most likely cause of the weight increase?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin, an anabolic hormone, promotes glucose storage as glycogen and fat, contributing to weight gain. While it improves glucose utilization and corrects faulty metabolism, these are secondary to its anabolic effects. Fluid retention is not typically associated with insulin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why injection site rotation is important. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rotating injection sites prevents lipodystrophy (fat buildup or breakdown), ensuring consistent insulin absorption. While infection and discomfort are concerns, they are not the primary reasons. Insulin is not injected into muscle, so muscle destruction is irrelevant.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving insulin isophane suspension (NPH) at breakfast. What is an important dietary consideration for the nurse to keep in mind?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks 4-10 hours after administration, risking hypoglycemia mid-morning to early afternoon. A midday snack helps maintain stable glucose levels. Breakfast timing, reduced lunch carbohydrates, or delayed dinner are not directly related to NPH's action.
Question 5 of 5
On initial nursing rounds, the diabetic client reports 'not feeling well.' Later, the nurse finds the client to be diaphoretic and in a stuporous state. Which is the immediate action taken by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A glucometer reading is critical to differentiate between hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis in a stuporous diabetic client. Administering juice or IV dextrose without confirming hypoglycemia risks worsening hyperglycemia, and calling the physician is secondary to obtaining a glucose level.