ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 51 : Caring for Clients With Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with diabetes is receiving an oral antidiabetic agent that acts to help the tissues use available insulin more efficiently. Which of the following agents would the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin, a biguanide, enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues, improving glucose uptake. Glyburide, glipizide (sulfonylureas), and repaglinide (meglitinide) stimulate insulin release from the pancreas, not tissue sensitivity.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted to the unit with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which insulin would the nurse expect to administer intravenously?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular insulin is used intravenously for DKA due to its rapid onset and ability to be infused continuously. Glargine, NPH, and Lente are long- or intermediate-acting insulins administered subcutaneously, unsuitable for acute DKA management.
Question 3 of 5
A client reports taking oral medication for control of sugar problems. Which is the best nursing interpretation of this verbal accounting?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oral antidiabetic medications are typically prescribed for type 2 diabetes, indicating the client likely has this condition. Prediabetes is not treated with medication, and there is insufficient information to assume a lack of knowledge about the disease or medication.
Question 4 of 5
A controlled type 2 diabetic client states, 'The doctor said if my blood sugars remain stable, I may not need to take any medication.' Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifestyle interventions like diet, exercise, and weight loss can effectively manage type 2 diabetes, potentially reducing or eliminating the need for medication. A strict low-sugar diet is not typically recommended, and waiting for symptoms or assuming misunderstanding is less appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
Which is the best nursing explanation for the symptom of polyuria in a client with diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High blood glucose levels increase blood osmolality, pulling fluid into the vascular system, which leads to increased urine production (polyuria) as the kidneys attempt to excrete excess glucose. This triggers thirst (polydipsia), not vice versa. Ketones and fuel requirements do not directly cause polyuria.