ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 51 : Caring for Clients With Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why injection site rotation is important. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rotating injection sites prevents lipodystrophy (fat buildup or breakdown), ensuring consistent insulin absorption. While infection and discomfort are concerns, they are not the primary reasons. Insulin is not injected into muscle, so muscle destruction is irrelevant.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving insulin isophane suspension (NPH) at breakfast. What is an important dietary consideration for the nurse to keep in mind?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks 4-10 hours after administration, risking hypoglycemia mid-morning to early afternoon. A midday snack helps maintain stable glucose levels. Breakfast timing, reduced lunch carbohydrates, or delayed dinner are not directly related to NPH's action.
Question 3 of 5
On initial nursing rounds, the diabetic client reports 'not feeling well.' Later, the nurse finds the client to be diaphoretic and in a stuporous state. Which is the immediate action taken by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A glucometer reading is critical to differentiate between hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis in a stuporous diabetic client. Administering juice or IV dextrose without confirming hypoglycemia risks worsening hyperglycemia, and calling the physician is secondary to obtaining a glucose level.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS). Which assessment finding should the nurse address immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypotension in HHNKS indicates significant fluid loss from the extracellular compartment, requiring urgent correction to prevent coma or death. A normal pH (7.38) is not a concern, and while mental changes and fever are symptoms, they are less immediately life-threatening than fluid imbalance.
Question 5 of 5
A client with type 2 diabetes who is physically active reports recurrent symptoms of weakness and nervousness. Which is the best response from the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weakness and nervousness suggest hypoglycemia, which can be triggered by exercise lowering blood glucose levels. These are not typical of hyperglycemia, stress alone, or a need for simple carbohydrates, which could exacerbate glucose fluctuations.