ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 51 : Caring for Clients With Diabetes Mellitus Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client asks why pancreas transplantation is not an option offered to all insulin-dependent clients with diabetes. Which is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is manageable with insulin, and the risks of lifelong immunosuppression from transplantation often outweigh benefits. Pancreas transplants are not increasingly common, waiting lists are not the primary issue, and only one donor is needed.
Question 2 of 5
The client with diabetes asks the nurse why shoes and socks are removed at each office visit. The nurse gives which assessment finding as the explanation for the inspection of feet?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sensory neuropathy from poor glucose control reduces foot sensation, increasing injury risk. Regular foot inspections detect issues early. Autonomic neuropathy affects organs, retinopathy affects eyes, and nephropathy affects kidneys, not directly related to foot injuries.
Question 3 of 5
A child is brought into the emergency department with vomiting, drowsiness, and blowing respirations. The child's parent reports that the symptoms have been progressing throughout the day. The nurse suspects diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which action should the nurse take first in the management of DKA?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In DKA, correcting dehydration and electrolyte imbalances with fluid replacement is the first priority to stabilize the patient before addressing hyperglycemia with insulin. Antiemetics and bicarbonate are secondary, and insulin requires a physician's order.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse understands that a client with diabetes mellitus is at greater risk for developing which complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated blood glucose and glycosuria create an environment conducive to bacterial growth, increasing the risk of urinary tract, skin, and vaginal infections. Obesity and elevated triglycerides are risk factors for type 2 diabetes, and low blood pressure is not a common complication.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is admitting a client with the diagnosis of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS) following steroid therapy. Which sign(s) and symptom(s) would the nurse likely note? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: HHNKS presents with extreme thirst and dehydration (poor skin turgor) due to severe hyperglycemia and fluid shifts. High blood pressure is unlikely (hypotension is more common), bradycardia is incorrect (tachycardia occurs), acidosis is not typical (unlike DK
A), and hypoglycemia is not associated with HHNKS.