ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 49 : Introduction to the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is experiencing an increase in blood glucose levels. The nurse understands that which of the following hormones would be important in lowering the client's blood glucose level?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin, released by the beta islet cells of the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels when they rise above normal. Parathormone regulates calcium levels, melatonin influences sleep cycles and mood, and calcitonin inhibits calcium release from bones.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reading an article that describes the function of the neurohypophysis. The nurse identifies this structure as part of which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The neurohypophysis refers to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. The hypothalamus influences the pituitary, the pineal gland secretes melatonin, and the thymus gland supports T lymphocyte production.
Question 3 of 5
A nursing student asks the instructor why the pituitary gland is called the 'master gland.' What is the best response by the instructor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it regulates the function of other endocrine glands through its hormone secretions. However, the hypothalamus influences the pituitary, and the pituitary secretes multiple hormones beyond growth hormone, not just regulating metabolism.
Question 4 of 5
A client is experiencing gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding from ruptured esophageal varices. What medication does the nurse prepare for administration that mimics the actions of somatostatin that will affect the GI bleeding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Octreotide mimics the actions of somatostatin and is used to reduce gastrointestinal bleeding, particularly from esophageal varices, requiring fewer blood transfusions. Omeprazole reduces stomach acid, epinephrine affects cardiovascular function, and vasopressin is less preferred due to side effects.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a decreased level of thyroid hormone being excreted. What will the feedback loop do to maintain the level of thyroid hormone required to remain homeostatic stability?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most hormones, including thyroid hormones, are regulated by negative feedback, where a decrease in hormone levels stimulates the releasing gland (e.g., the pituitary) to secrete more thyroid-stimulating hormone to restore homeostasis.