ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 35 : Caring for Clients With HIV AIDS Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client tells the nurse, 'You know I have AIDS. I still cannot afford to tell my employer because they will probably cancel my health insurance, then what would I do?' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Despite HIV-specific confidentially laws, clients infected with AIDS fear that disclosure of their condition will affect employment, health insurance coverage, and even housing. An employer cannot cancel a client's currently active health insurance policy on the basis of AIDS. However, employers are more apt to dismiss a worker with a known HIV-positive status from employment to reduce future insurance premiums and death payments. The other answers are nontherapeutic and not based in fact.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to start an IV for a client who is combative. What precautionary measure should the nurse take in order to avoid a needlestick?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If a client is uncooperative, the nurse should request assistance when starting IV therapy. Restraints can cause the client to become more agitated and less cooperative. Sedation can be considered chemical restraint and can have side effects that are undesirable. Refusing to start the IV will not allow the client to receive the care required.
Question 3 of 5
A client will be having a surgical procedure and wants a family member to donate the blood for directed donor donation. What factor would prohibit the family member from donating the blood?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The donor must be at least 17 years of age, weigh 110 lb or more, and test negative for HIV, and the client's physician must be informed of the procedure.
Question 4 of 5
A client with HIV will be started on a medication regimen of three medications. What class of drugs will the nurse instruct the client about?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reverse transcriptase inhibitors are drugs that interfere with the virus' ability to make a genetic blueprint. A protease inhibitor is a drug that inhibits the ability of virus particles to leave the host cell. The integrase inhibitors are a class of drug that prevents the incorporation of viral DNA into the host cell's DNA. Hydroxyurea is a drug that is used as an adjunct therapy that tries to halt the progression of AIDS.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is talking with a group of teens about transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What body fluid(s) does the nurse inform them will transmit the virus? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: There are only four known body fluids through which HIV is transmitted: blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk. HIV may be present in saliva, tears, and conjunctival secretions, but transmission of HIV through these fluids has not been implicated. HIV is not found in urine, stool, vomit, or sweat.