ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 34 : Caring for Clients With Immune-Mediated Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has been hospitalized for diagnostic testing. The client has just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, which the physician explains is an autoimmune disorder. How would the nurse explain an autoimmune disease to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Autoimmune disorders are those in which killer T cells and autoantibodies attack or destroy natural cells-those cells that are 'self.' Autoantibodies, antibodies against self-antigens, are immunoglobulins. They target histocompatible cells, cells whose antigens match the person's own genetic code. Autoimmune disorders are not caused by too many or too few immunoglobulins, and histocompatible cells do not attack immunoglobulins in an autoimmune disorder.
Question 2 of 5
A client with lupus has had antineoplastic drugs prescribed. Why would the physician prescribe antineoplastic drugs for an autoimmune disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Drug therapy using anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents is the mainstay for alleviating symptoms. Some antineoplastic (cancer) drugs also are used for their immunosuppressant effects. Antineoplastic drugs do not decrease the body's risk of infection; an autoimmune disease is not a neoplastic disease. Drugs are not prescribed just so the client has strong drug therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A client with early-stage rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse what to do to help ease the symptoms of the disease. What would be the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Drug therapy using anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents is the mainstay for alleviating symptoms. Antipyretic and antihypertensive drugs are not prescribed for autoimmune diseases. An antineoplastic drug is not prescribed for an autoimmune disorder until it is in its late stages and uncontrolled by the first-line drugs.
Question 4 of 5
A client is in treatment for an allergic disorder. What might the treatment be?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Besides avoiding the allergen if possible, many clients experience symptomatic relief with drug therapy. It is not likely the client would be in autoimmune, hypersensitive, or desensitization therapy for an allergic disorder.
Question 5 of 5
A client comes to the clinic and reports having 'broken out in hives and itching since eating strawberries this morning.' The client states never having had problems with strawberries before. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allergies can occur at any age, and the pattern of allergic response can vary in the same person at different points in life. For example, a person may suddenly develop an allergic reaction to a substance such as latex, despite having had multiple prior contacts with latex and no past problems. Although an allergic reaction may cause laryngeal swelling, this client does not exhibit any of the signs and symptoms of respiratory distress that would lead to respiratory arrest.