ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 29 : Caring for Clients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse caring for a client who has had cardiac or vascular surgery knows to do hourly assessments on which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While assessing a client undergoing cardiac or vascular surgery, the nurse assesses the client's fluid intake and urine output on an hourly basis. The nurse may assess the blood sugar level during the initial assessment process but not hourly. For a client undergoing a cardiac or vascular surgery, the nurse does not assess for mentation. Arterial blood gases would not be assessed hourly.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for an older adult client who is deciding whether to have cardiovascular surgery. The client asks the nurse why the risks are greater for them than for a younger person. What would be the nurse's answer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Many older adults have comorbidities such as diabetes, heart failure, cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, and poor renal function, necessitating careful consideration regarding the potential risks and benefits of cardiovascular surgery. These clients require close observation during the postoperative period. The other options are incorrect.
Question 3 of 5
A client has been admitted for a commissurotomy. The nurse knows that a commissurotomy repairs which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heart valves need surgical repair or replacement if they become narrowed (stenosed) or stretched (incompetent). One method of repair is commissurotomy (opening adhesions in the valve cusps), which is done without direct visualization of the valve.
Question 4 of 5
The client presents to the Emergency Department with blunt trauma causing bruising and bleeding of the heart. The nurse knows that which of the following may help stop the bleeding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The inactivity and increased pressure from blood in the pericardium may stop the bleeding. The client may need to have the blood aspirated from the pericardial sac, in which case pericardiocentesis is performed. One aspiration is sufficient in most cases, but if bleeding continues, open thoracotomy is indicated to control blood loss. Procedures to stop the bleeding caused by heart trauma do not include embolectomy or thoracentesis. Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse caring for a client who has had cardiac surgery must understand how pulmonary artery pressure is monitored. What is important about pulmonary artery pressure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring aids in the early treatment of fluid imbalances, prevents left-sided congestive heart failure or promotes its early correction, and helps monitor the client's response to treatment. The other options are incorrect. The measurement of pulmonary artery pressure does not assess right-sided heart pressures or left atrial pressure.