ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 28 : Caring for Clients With Heart Failure Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is gathering data from a client recently admitted to the hospital. The nurse asks the client about experiencing orthopnea. What question would the nurse ask to obtain this information?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To determine if a client is having orthopnea, the nurse needs to ask about the inability to breathe unless sitting upright. Determining how far the client can walk without becoming short of breath would indicate exertional dyspnea. Coughing up blood would indicate hemoptysis. Urinating excessively at night can be indicative of different factors such as taking a diuretic late in the evening causing the client to urinate often at night. This question would be vague.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is obtaining data on an older adult client. What finding may indicate to the nurse the early symptom of heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure produces hypoxemia as a result of reduced cardiac output of arterial blood and respiratory symptoms. Many clients notice unusual fatigue with activity. Some find exertional dyspnea to be the first symptom. An increase in urinary output may be seen later as fluid accumulates. Hypotension would be a later sign of decompensating heart failure as well as tachycardia.
Question 3 of 5
A client with right-sided heart failure is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. What information obtained from the client may indicate the presence of edema?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients may observe that rings, shoes, or clothing have become tight. The client would most likely be urinating more frequently in the evening. Accumulation of blood in abdominal organs may cause anorexia, nausea, flatulence, and a decrease in hunger. Shortness of breath with ambulation would occur most often in left-sided heart failure.
Question 4 of 5
A client is scheduled for a multiple gated acquisition (MUGA) scan the following day. What medication is contraindicated for the nurse to administer the morning of the procedure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics are contraindicated the morning of a test to avoid any interruptions for urination. Clients are also medicated to relieve a cough that may cause movement during the test so administration of guaifenesin is not contraindicated. Acetaminophen and morphine sulfate are not contraindicated the morning of the test.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse observes a client with an onset of heart failure having rapid, shallow breathing at a rate of 32 breaths/minute. What blood gas analysis does the nurse anticipate finding initially?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At first, arterial blood gas analysis may reveal respiratory alkalosis as a result of rapid, shallow breathing. Later, there is a shift to metabolic acidosis as gas exchange becomes more impaired.