ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 27 : Caring for Clients With Hypertension Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is ordered diazoxide IV to decrease blood pressure. Which nursing consideration is a priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nursing priority is to monitor the client's blood pressure every few minutes. It is unrealistic to have the nurse manually assess the blood pressures. An automatic blood pressure machine is programed to assess the blood pressure and record the results for assessment. The other options may be completed; however, monitoring the blood pressure is the priority.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the types of medications prescribed for a client's hypertension. Which of the following medication classifications establishes an action on vasoconstrictive hormones in the blood stream?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor's primary action is to prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstricting hormone in the blood. A beta-blocker blocks the beta-adrenergic receptors decreasing sympathetic nervous system stimulation. Loop diuretics excrete water from the loop of Henle, reducing circulating blood volume. Calcium channel blockers dilate coronary and peripheral arteries.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse and a dietitian are instructing the client on a low-sodium diet needed to lower the blood pressure. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking the client how food is prepared gives the nurse and dietitian the ability to judge the sodium content. Typically, canned or prepared food and food from a restaurant will have elevated sodium levels. Sodium content in food prepared from fresh ingredients is usually minimal. Asking about whom the client eats with or the client's eating patterns are not as helpful in determining sodium content.
Question 4 of 5
A client, newly prescribed a low-sodium diet due to hypertension, is asking for help with meal choices. The client names four favorite meal choices. Which selection would be best?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fresh vegetables are low in sodium. A green pepper with (fresh) diced tomatoes and chicken is a good low-sodium, high vegetable and protein selection. Cheese and soup (tomato and creamed) are high in sodium. Processed meats such as a hot dogs and condiments such as ketchup are high in sodium.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse would screen a client from which ethnic background for hypertension at an early age?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The population of African descent is at the highest risk for development of hypertension. The other ethnic backgrounds have a lower risk.