ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 27 : Caring for Clients With Hypertension Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension. The client states, 'I do not understand what is causing my blood pressure to continue to rise.' Which information does the nurse recognize as the key structure in regulating arterial blood pressure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The body regulates blood pressure throughout the day. The components of the autonomic nervous system, the kidneys, and endocrine glands regulate arterial pressure. The heart is the pump sending blood throughout the system. The lungs exchange oxygen but do not affect blood pressure. The brain recognizes and processes sympathetic nervous system activity to raise blood pressure.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse obtains a blood pressure of $136 / 86 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ on a morning assessment of a client with history of hypertension. Which pressure is of most concern when considering ventricular relaxation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diastolic blood pressure reflects arterial pressure during ventricular relaxation. It depends on the resistance of the arterioles and the diastolic filing times. Central aortic pressure is the blood pressure pumped from the left ventricle and measured at the root of the aorta. Systolic blood pressure is determined by the force and volume of blood that the left ventricle ejects. Central venous pressure reflects the blood pressure returning to the heart.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is working on a clinical research study, obtaining data evaluating central aortic systolic pressure and brachial arm systolic pressure. The client notes a difference in the readings. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Central aortic systolic pressure results, reflecting pressure at the root of the aorta, can be documented as $30 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ lower than when corresponding results obtained at the brachial arm. The differences are not due to machine calibration, discomfort, or constriction of the arteries.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is employed in a physician's office and is caring for a client present for an annual exam. A blood pressure of $124 / 84 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ is documented. Following revised guidelines for identifying hypertension, which educational pamphlet is helpful?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood pressure of $124 / 84 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ is now considered to be in the lower range of prehypertension. Knowledge of stress reduction may be helpful in lowering the blood pressure without medication therapy. A blood pressure of $124 / 84 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ is not considered a low blood pressure or in need of medication therapy due to hypertension. Diagnostic testing for cardiac functioning is not typical for a client with prehypertension.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following client scenarios would be correct for the nurse to identify as a client with secondary hypertension?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary hypertension is an elevated blood pressure that results from or is secondary to some other disorder such as kidney disease, a tumor of the adrenal medulla, or atherosclerosis. Depression alone is typically not associated with hypertension. Advanced age and alcohol intake are considered factors for essential hypertension.