ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 24 : Caring for Clients With Valvular Disorders of the Heart Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with aortic regurgitation is experiencing dyspnea and chest pain with activity. The nurse knows that the cause of the symptoms can be best determined by which diagnostic test?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because the symptoms occur with activity, a radionuclide scan could compare the blood flow through the heart at rest and during activity, giving valuable information about the severity of the diseased valve. ECG, TEE, and MRI are diagnostic tests used in the diagnosis of cardiac disease but less specific for exercise evaluation.
Question 2 of 5
A client is scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Which statement from the nurse best explains this procedure to family members?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: TAVI procedure is a minimally invasive procedure (no incision) that uses balloon valvuloplasty, stent, and partial replacement of the diseased valve using a portion of a pig valve. The TAVI is mostly used in older adults who are at high risk for the complete aortic valve replacement and helps to relieve recurring symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
The client has been diagnosed with aortic regurgitation. Which nursing data is most significant in identifying the cause for this disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The incidence of mitral and aortic regurgitation increased by as much as 36% in 1997, due to the use of fenfluramine with phentermine (Fen-Phen) for weight loss. Obesity, tobacco use, and lack of exercise have been identified as risk factors for heart disease but not a significant identified cause for aortic regurgitation.
Question 4 of 5
Which symptom is most important in determining the diagnosis and nursing care for a client experiencing pulmonary hypertension?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tachycardia, low systolic pressure, and decreased stroke volume are symptoms associated with pulmonary hypertension. A productive cough with pink-tinged frothy sputum can indicate progression of the disorder and need for treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A client is being evaluated for mitral stenosis versus mitral insufficiency. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse find in either condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitral stenosis and mitral insufficiency both create regurgitation of blood back through the mitral valve which can be heard as a murmur. Angina and syncope are not common and would only be exhibited if decrease nourishment of the cardiac muscle and organs occur. Hypertension may be an underlying condition but not necessarily associated with both disorders.