ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 19 : Introduction to the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventilation is the actual movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract. Respiration is the exchange of oxygen and CO2 between atmospheric air and the blood and between the blood and the cells.
Question 2 of 5
Perfusion refers to blood supply to the lungs, through which the lungs receive nutrients and oxygen. What are the two methods of perfusion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The two methods of perfusion are the bronchial and pulmonary circulation. There is no alveolar circulation. Capillaries are the vessels that perform the perfusion regardless of which area of the lung they are in.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has frequent upper respiratory infections. Which structure is most helpful in protecting against infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Tonsils and adenoids do not contribute to respiration but protect against infection. Palatine tonsils are composed of lymphoid tissue. Cilia are fine hairs that move particles and liquid, preventing irritation and contamination of the airway. Sinuses are nasal cavity structures. Turbinates warm and add moisture to the inspired air.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is suctioning a client who is unable to expectorate respiratory secretions. At which point does the nurse expect the client to experience coughing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Upon the catheter stimulating the carina, coughing and even bronchospasm may occur. Productive secretions may be loosened and eliminated via the suction catheter. When the catheter reaches the back of the pharynx near the uvula, the gag reflex is initiated. The suction catheter does not reach the entrance of the lung.
Question 5 of 5
A client arrived in the emergency department with a sharp object penetrating the diaphragm. When planning nursing care, which client need would the nurse identify as a priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The diaphragm separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. On inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, creating a partial vacuum. Without this vacuum, air is not as efficiently drawn into the thoracic cavity. Hypoxia or hypoxemia may occur from the poor availability of oxygen. Although the nursing diagnosis of acute pain is probable, gas exchange is a higher priority. Ineffective airway clearance is not the greatest concern because the problem is with ventilation. Infection risk is present but is not the highest-priority client need.