ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 19 : Introduction to the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, which expands the thoracic cage and increases the thoracic cavity.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is studying for a physiology test over the respiratory system. What should the nurse know about central chemoreceptors in the medulla?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Central chemoreceptors in the medulla respond to changes in CO2 levels and hydrogen ion concentrations (pH) in the cerebrospinal fluid. Central chemoreceptors do not respond to changes in the O2 levels in the brain, changes in CO2 levels in the brain, changes in O2 levels, and bicarbonate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Question 3 of 5
What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventilation is the actual movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract. Respiration is the exchange of oxygen and CO2 between atmospheric air and the blood and between the blood and the cells.
Question 4 of 5
Perfusion refers to blood supply to the lungs, through which the lungs receive nutrients and oxygen. What are the two methods of perfusion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The two methods of perfusion are the bronchial and pulmonary circulation. There is no alveolar circulation. Capillaries are the vessels that perform the perfusion regardless of which area of the lung they are in.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has frequent upper respiratory infections. Which structure is most helpful in protecting against infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Tonsils and adenoids do not contribute to respiration but protect against infection. Palatine tonsils are composed of lymphoid tissue. Cilia are fine hairs that move particles and liquid, preventing irritation and contamination of the airway. Sinuses are nasal cavity structures. Turbinates warm and add moisture to the inspired air.