ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 18 : Caring for Clients With Cancer Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client asks the nurse what is causing the fatigue following radiotherapy. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fatigue results from substances being released when tumor cells are destroyed during radiotherapy. The spreading of cancer can cause many symptoms dependent on location and type of cancer, but it is not a significant factor in the development of fatigue with radiotherapy. The production of healthy cells can increase metabolic rate, but death of cancer cells does not support fatigue in this case. Fighting infection can cause fatigue, but there is no evidence provided to support the presence of infection in this client.
Question 2 of 5
The client is scheduled for a breast lump excision and sentinel node biopsy. What should the nurse know in planning care for the client with a positive biopsy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sentinel node is the first node in which a tumor will drain; if no malignant cells are found there, additional excision or radical removal will not be necessary. Excision of the lump along with a wide margin of cancer-free tissue is standard treatment for malignant tumors.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a newly discovered tumor that may be benign or malignant. The client asks, 'What makes a malignant tumor different from a benign one?' What should the nurse include in the response? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The nurse should include the statements 'The cells of the tumor bear little resemblance to the cells in the tissue where the tumor started' and 'It grows by invasion and infiltrates the surrounding tissues' in the response. Undifferentiated cells and growth by invasion are both characteristics of malignant tumors. Benign tumors are characterized by slow growth, not metastasizing, and the possibility of regression, while malignant tumors are not.
Question 4 of 5
The public health nurse is teaching a local community group about warning signs of cancer. What should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Warning signs of cancer include sores that do not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, tenderness or pain, and persistent indigestion. Unexplained weight loss, not weight gain, is a warning sign of cancer.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing an educational presentation on dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of cancer. Which of the following food selections would demonstrate a good understanding of the information provided in the presentation? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Foods high in fat and those that are smoked or preserved with salt or nitrates are associated with increased cancer risks. An omelet made of egg whites and vegetables is a healthy low-fat selection as are steamed broccoli/carrots and turkey breast on whole grain bread. A salad can be a healthy selection, but Caesar salads contain much fat from the dressing and addition of cheeses and fried chicken. Salmon that is not smoked would be a good selection. Quiche usually contains high-fat milk, cr?¨me, eggs, and cheese.