ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 15 : Disaster Situations Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for three clients who have been diagnosed with anthrax. They were exposed after boarding a flight where a white powdery substance was found in one of the restrooms. The nurse knows that these clients would be classed as being victims of which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anthrax is a biologic agent that could be the cause of a biologic disaster, one in which pathogens or their toxins cause harm to many humans and other living species. Anthrax is not a natural, radiologic, or chemical agent of disaster.
Question 2 of 5
The emergency department nurse is working triage during a disaster. Why should the nurse tag a victim after assessment in a disaster situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The tag is an indication that the victim has been assessed by a nurse. This ensures that the nurse or another medical person does not spend time assessing the same person twice. The tag does not contain information such as allergies or pre-disaster medical history; the person's name may not be readily available in a disaster.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse caring for victims of a volcano eruption knows that this disaster is categorized as a natural disaster. What is the other category of disaster?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: There are essentially two types of disasters: (1) natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes; and (2) human disasters that may be intentionally or unintentionally caused such as explosions, fires, and acts of terrorism. 'Man-made', 'artificial', and 'earthly' are not accurate or specific categories of disasters.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a victim of a chemical disaster. Medications given in the treatment of this client include amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulphate. What chemical agent does the nurse know this client has been exposed to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cyanide poisoning calls for the administration of one or all of the following antidotes: amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulfate. Amyl nitrite promotes the formation of methemoglobin, which combines with cyanide to form nontoxic cyanmethemoglobin. Sarin, mustard gas, and anthrax are not treated in this way.
Question 5 of 5
The nursing supervisor has been notified of a large industrial fire with multiple injuries started with an electric short. When notifying the nursing peers, the nurse would classify this as which type of disaster?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A fire of an electrical cause is classified as a human disaster of an unintentional cause. A natural disaster is an earthquake or flood that is caused by nature with no human influence. A human disaster, intentionally caused is when a fire occurs, and a person intentionally starts the fire. Because a large industrial fire has injured people, it is classified as a disaster.