ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 13 : Intravenous Therapy Questions
Question 1 of 5
The emergency department nurse is caring for a client who has just been admitted by ambulance for a suspected myocardial infarction. The physician orders IV fluids of normal saline to be hung at 100 $\mathrm{mL/hr}$. The nurse knows that this is what type of IV solution?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The two types of IV solutions are crystalloid and colloid solutions. Crystalloid solutions consist of water and uniformly dissolved crystals such as salt (sodium chloride) or sugar (glucose, dextrose). Normal saline is an isotonic crystalloid solution. Colloid solutions are used to replace blood. Hypertonic solutions are rarely used. Hypotonic solutions contain fewer dissolved substances compared with plasma.
Question 2 of 5
The nursing instructor is discussing the different types of IV fluids with the nursing students. What type of fluid would the instructor tell the students is used to replace circulating blood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Colloid solutions are used to replace circulating blood volume because the suspended molecules in the solutions pull fluid from other fluid compartments in the body. Colloids contain blood cells such as RBCs. Crystalloid solutions are made from water and sodium chloride or sugar. Hypotonic solutions contain more dissolved substances compared with plasma. Hypertonic solutions pull fluids into plasma but do not assist with replacement of cells.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse caring for a client with an intravenous infusion is looking up her institution's policy on changing IV equipment used in a venipuncture. When is most IV tubing changed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Most IV tubing is changed every 72 hours, but the exact parameters depend on agency policy. Some exceptions include tubing used to administer TPN and intermittent secondary infusions.
Therefore, the other options are incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for an older adult client with an IV infusing at $100 \mathrm{mL/hr}$. What should the nurse monitor this client for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Circulatory overload can develop if the volume of infusing solution exceeds the heart's ability to circulate it effectively. The scenario does not indicate that the client is at risk for urinary retention or incontinence. IV fluids infusing at $100 \mathrm{mL/hr}$ do not put the client at risk for a pulmonary embolism.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has just had total parenteral nutrition (TPN) ordered. The LPN is correct when informing the client that TPN is used for what?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: TPN uses a solution of nutrients to meet the client's caloric and nutritional needs. TPN does provide calories and glucose to the client, but it does not prevent weight loss. TPN does include protein, but it usually does not meet the total protein requirement of the adult client.