ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 12 : Infection Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is diagnosed with a viral illness and requests an antibiotic to 'cure' the illness. When the request is refused by the physician, the client states to the nurse, 'I will never get better.' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Causes of antibiotic resistance, a consequence of bacterial mutations that interfere with the mechanism of antibiotic action, are related to inappropriate prescription of antibiotics for viral (rather than bacterial) infection. Because viral infections are often self-limiting, with symptoms control, the client will get better. Indicating that the client is not thinking positively is a nontherapeutic comment. Informing the client that taking unnecessary antibiotics will cause illness is not detailed enough to be an informative response.
Question 2 of 5
The infection control nurse collects data that indicates an increase in the number of clients in the hospital with multidrug-resistant infections. What priority education should healthcare providers receive?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infections with multidrug-resistant microorganisms are very difficult to destroy with current pharmacologic agents, increasing the need to be vigilant about performing hand hygiene measures. It is unnecessary to use contact precautions, administer antibiotics prophylactically, or empty trash cans immediately for the preventions of multidrug-resistant infections.
Question 3 of 5
A client visits the clinic reporting a circular rash on the upper right arm. The rash is diagnosed as tinea corporis. For what type of infection does the nurse anticipate the client will be treated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: One type of fungal infection is superficial (dermatophytoses), which affect the skin, hair, and nails; examples include tinea corporis, or ringworm, and tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot. Rickettsiae, protozoans, and mycoplasma have different characteristics and transmission than fungus.
Question 4 of 5
A client has received a diagnosis of Lyme disease. What does the nurse understand about the transmission of infection resulting in this disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Example of arthropods includes fleas, ticks, lice, mosquitoes, and mites. Some rickettsial diseases that are spread by arthropods include Lyme disease. Prions may mutate and can be formed by genetic predisposition or acquired by transmission between the same or similar infected animal species and are not the same as arthropods. The disease is not spread by single-celled fungi-like microorganisms or helminths.
Question 5 of 5
A family member wants to donate blood for a client who needs a blood transfusion. What information from the family member would make them ineligible for donation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The American Red Cross bans blood collection from anyone who has lived in the United Kingdom for a total of 6 months or longer between 1980 and 1996, lived in various countries in Europe including while serving in the military since 1980, received a blood transfusion in the United Kingdom, or lived 5 or more years in various European countries from 1980 to the present. There is a higher risk among these potential donors for BSE or 'mad cow disease.' The other answers are not exclusion criteria for donating blood.