ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 12 : Infection Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client arrives at the clinic reporting vaginal discharge after having sexual intercourse 1 week ago. The client is diagnosed with gonorrhea and given a prescription for treatment. What type of infection transmission does the nurse understand occurred?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The route of transmission for a sexually transmitted disease is by direct contact. An infected person transmits the infection to a susceptible person. A droplet transmission is a spray of moist particles within a 3-foot radius of an infected person. An airborne transmission is suspension and transport on air currents beyond 3 feet. An infection transmitted by vehicle is on or in contaminated food, water, objects, or equipment.
Question 2 of 5
A client arrives at the emergency department reporting severe diarrhea and vomiting that began after ingesting a hot dog at the ballpark 6 hours ago. How does the nurse understand that the contaminated food was transmitted to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vehicle is the route of transmission for this client's illness. It is found on or in contaminated food, water, objects, or equipment and can occur from eating or drinking tainted products. The route of transmission, droplet is by a spray of moist particles within a 3-foot radius of infected persons. Airborne is a route of transmission that is a suspension and transport on air currents beyond 3 feet. An infection by vector is found on infected animals or insect to susceptible persons.
Question 3 of 5
A client comes to the clinic reporting fever, chills, and coughing. The client is found to be positive for influenza. The nurse is aware that influenza is transmitted from one infected person to another. What type of infectious disorder is this considered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Communicable diseases are infectious disorders that are transmitted from one infected species to another. Common signs and symptoms are the same as generalized plus organ-specific or disease-specific manifestations. Examples of the infections transmitted are influenza, chickenpox, and tuberculosis. Localized infection is confined to a small area such as a furuncle (boil). Generalized infection is a systemic or widespread infection in one or two organs such as urosepsis. A health-care-associated infection is acquired in a health care agency.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) and has developed oral thrush. What type of infection is the nurse aware that has developed due to the immunocompromised state of the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An opportunistic or superinfection occurs among immunocompromised hosts. Examples would be yeast infections in the mouth, bladder infections, gastroenteritis, and Pneumocystis carinii. An acute infection has a sudden onset with serious and sometimes life-threatening manifestations. A chronic infection is an extended infection that resists treatment. A secondary infection is a complication of some other disease process that occurred first.
Question 5 of 5
A client informs the nurse, 'I think I am getting sick.' The chief symptoms of the client are low-grade fever, headache, and having no energy. What stage of the infection does the nurse recognize the client is experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the prodromal stage, the initial symptoms appear; they may be vague and nonspecific. Possible symptoms include mild fever, headache, and loss of usual energy. The incubation period does not exhibit any recognizable symptoms. The acute stage is when the symptoms become severe and specific to the affect tissue or organ. The convalescent stage is when symptoms subside as the host overcomes the infectious agent.