ATI LPN
Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing Thirteenth, North American Edition
Chapter 10 : End-of-Life Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
When considering care for the dying, which awareness, by the nurse, provides the best rationale for general nursing care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When providing nursing care for the dying, it is important to recognize that death is natural, universal, and the final stage of growth and development. Comfort measures and care for grieving family members are specifics that guide nursing interventions. Technology does not always extend death and dying.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who just learned of a terminal diagnosis. After the health care provider leaves, the nurse remains to answer further questions so that the client can make an informed decision about further treatment. By providing all available information, the nurse is promoting which ethical principle?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: By promoting open discussion and informed decision making, the nurse is empowering the client to make decisions independently leading to autonomy. The principle of justice requires fairness and justice to all clients. The principle of nonmaleficence requires that nurse does not intentionally or unintentionally inflict harm on others. The principle of fidelity maintains that nurses are faithful to the care of the clients.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a terminally ill client who is receiving chemotherapy and radiation for an aggressive lung cancer. The treatment success is limited in shrinking the tumor, and the treatments are making the client very ill. The client states, 'I feel that I would like to stop treatments. I would like to enjoy the time that I have remaining with my family.' Which emotional reaction does the nurse recognize that the client is experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the final stage, clients who are dying accept their fate and make peace spiritually and with those to whom they are close. Clients begin to detach themselves socially and wish to be with only a small group of close friends and family. The other options are stages that occur earlier in the process.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has diminished lung function due to emphysema. The terminally ill client is short of breath on exertion and reports difficulty sleeping in bed. The client states, 'I am so afraid of getting any worse.' Which statement, by the nurse, assists the client in sustaining hope?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client is assisted in hopefulness by believing that the healthcare team will make his remaining days meaningful. By conveying a sense that the nurse will discuss the client's condition with the health care provider, the client recognizes that the healthcare team will use whatever treatment and comfort measures are available. Telling a client not to worry is not therapeutic and is condescending. Waiting for a grandchild does not address the client's thought. Reflecting what the client said for clarification opens communication but does not instill hopefulness.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 90-year-old client who has never completed an advanced directive. The client has a child but has not seen the child in several years. A neighbor has assisted this client with meals and housecleaning for many years. The neighbor states that the client expressed only wanting to have comfort measures. The estranged child wants the client to be treated aggressively. Which would be the nurse's initial step?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It cannot be assumed that the client is unable to make decisions independently just because of advanced age. Before any other person is asked about the client's wishes, the client needs to be asked first. The physician, who has a healthcare relationship with the client, may also have documented information about wishes.