Chapter 3: The Nursing Process - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The highest level need is self-actualization. The first level of need is physiological needs. Love and belonging are third-level needs. Esteem and self-esteem are fourth-level needs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Evaluation is assessment and review of the quality and suitability of the care given and the client's responses to that care. Assessment is careful observation and evaluation of a client's health status. Planning involves setting priorities, defining expected (desired) outcomes (goals), determining specific nursing interventions, and recording the plan of care. Implementation means carrying out the written plan of care; performing interventions; monitoring the client's status; and assessing and reassessing the client before, during, and after treatments.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Critical thinking is guided by professional standards and codes of ethics. It is based on principles of the nursing process and scientific methods. Critical thinking makes judgments based on evidence rather than conjecture. It considers client, family, and community needs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The purpose of the nursing process is to provide a systematic method for nurses to plan and implement client care to achieve desired outcomes. The nursing process cannot be eliminated from the paperwork because nurses use the process to evaluate and update a client's care. It is an integral part of nursing practice. Stating that the nursing process is something nurses have always done and must continue to do so is a vague and incomplete answer. It does not give a rationale for using the nursing process. Although health care providers may review a nurse's care plan to see what is being done for the client, that is not the reason nurses use the nursing process or create care plans. The client's plan of care guides nursing care and provides a vehicle for assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation, and, if needed, the revision of care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nursing process begins when a client enters the healthcare system. Prior to being discharged, after the plan of care is initiated, and when the healthcare provider writes the first prescription for care all occur after the client is already in the healthcare system.