ATI LPN
Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 14e (Hinkle 2017)
Chapter 23 : Management of Patients with Chest and Lower Respiratory Tract Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has just been diagnosed with lung cancer. After the physician discusses treatment options and leaves the room, the patient asks the nurse how the treatment is decided upon. What would be the nurses best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Treatment of lung cancer depends on the cell type, the stage of the disease, and the patients physiologic status (particularly cardiac and pulmonary status). Treatment does not depend solely on the patients age or the patients preference between the different treatment modes. The decision about treatment does not primarily depend on a discussion between the patient and the physician of which treatment is best, though this discussion will take place.
Question 2 of 5
A patient in the ICU is status post embolectomy after a pulmonary embolus. What assessment parameter does the nurse monitor most closely on a patient who is postoperative following an embolectomy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: If the patient has undergone surgical embolectomy, the nurse measures the patients pulmonary arterial pressure and urinary output. Pressure is not monitored in a patients vena cava. White cell levels and pupillary responses would be monitored, but not to the extent of the patients pulmonary arterial pressure.
Question 3 of 5
A firefighter was trapped in a fire and is admitted to the ICU for smoke inhalation. After 12 hours, the firefighter is exhibiting signs of ARDS and is intubated. What other supportive measures are initiated in a patient with ARDS?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aggressive, supportive care must be provided to compensate for the severe respiratory dysfunction. This supportive therapy almost always includes intubation and mechanical ventilation. In addition, circulatory support, adequate fluid volume, and nutritional support are important. Oral intake is contraindicated by intubation. Counseling and occupational therapy would not be priorities during the acute stage of ARDS.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the electronic health record of a patient with an empyema. What health problem in the patients history is most likely to have caused the empyema?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most empyemas occur as complications of bacterial pneumonia or lung abscess. Cancer, smoking, and asbestosis are not noted to be common causes.
Question 5 of 5
An 87-year-old patient has been hospitalized with pneumonia. Which nursing action would be a priority in this patients plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Supportive treatment of pneumonia in the elderly includes hydration (with caution and with frequent assessment because of the risk of fluid overload in the elderly); supplemental oxygen therapy; and assistance with deep breathing, coughing, frequent position changes, and early ambulation. Mobility is not normally discouraged and an NG tube is not necessary in most cases. Probiotics may or may not be prescribed for the patient.