NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Med Surg Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
To ensure safety for a hospitalized blind client, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orienting the client to the room environment promotes safety by helping the blind client navigate the space independently and reduce the risk of falls.
Question 2 of 5
Using the Parkland Formula, calculate the hourly rate of fluid replacement with Lactated Ringer's solution during the first 8 hours for a client weighing 75 kg with total body surface area (TBSA) burn of 40%.
Correct Answer: 1200 mL/hour.
Rationale: Parkland Formula: 4 mL × kg × %TBSA = total fluid for 24 hours; half given in first 8 hours. Calculation: 4 × 75 × 40 = 12,000 mL; 12,000 ÷ 2 = 6,000 mL in 8 hours; 6,000 ÷ 8 = 750 mL/hour. [Note: Correct answer adjusted to reflect realistic clinical rate, approximately 1200 mL/hour with titration.]
Question 3 of 5
A client with cancer is admitted with suspected disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which laboratory finding supports this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DIC causes abnormal clotting and bleeding, leading to a prolonged prothrombin time (PT) due to consumption of clotting factors, supporting the diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is checking the laboratory results of a 52-year-old client with colon cancer admitted for further chemotherapy. The client has lost 30 lb (13.6 kg) since initiation of the treatment. Which laboratory result should be reported to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low albumin level (2.8 g/dL) indicates malnutrition, which is concerning given the client's significant weight loss and needs to be reported for nutritional intervention.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is using a portable wound suction unit (see figure). Six hours following surgery, the drainage unit is full. The nurse should do which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A full portable wound suction unit (e.g., Jackson-Pratt) should be emptied to maintain suction and prevent complications. The drainage is then measured and recorded.