NCLEX-RN
Med Surg RN NCLEX Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The rapid response team has been called to manage an unwitnessed cardiac arrest. The estimated maximum time a person can be without cardiopulmonary function and still not experience permanent brain damage is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brain damage begins after 4 to 6 minutes without oxygenation, making this the critical window for initiating CPR to prevent permanent damage.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse should interpret which of the following as an early sign of a tension pneumothorax in a client with chest trauma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory distress is an early sign of tension pneumothorax due to increasing intrathoracic pressure. Diminished breath sounds and tracheal deviation are later signs. 'Skilled heart sounds' is likely a typo and unclear.
Question 3 of 5
A client with renal calculi has a history of dehydration. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High fluid intake (3 L) prevents stone formation by diluting urine.
Question 4 of 5
A client is to receive epoetin (Epogen) injections. What laboratory value should the nurse assess before giving the injection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epoetin (Epogen) stimulates red blood cell production and is used to treat anemia. The nurse should assess hematocrit before administration to evaluate the client's response to therapy and ensure levels do not rise excessively, which can increase the risk of hypertension or thrombosis. Hemoglobin is also relevant but hematocrit is more commonly monitored. Coagulation times are not directly affected by epoetin.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is taking care of a client with a spinal cord injury. The extent of the client’s injury is shown below. Which of the following findings is expected when assessing this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This client has a spinal cord injury of the sacral region of the spinal cord and will have bladder and bowel dysfunction, as well as loss of sensation and muscle control below the injury. The other options are true of a client who has quadriplegia.