NCLEX-RN
Med Surg RN NCLEX Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse learns that a client who is scheduled for a tonsillectomy has been taking 40 mg of oral prednisone daily for the last week for poison ivy on his leg. What is the nurse's best action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prednisone use affects adrenal function and stress response, increasing risks during anesthesia. Notifying the anesthesiologist ensures proper perioperative management, such as stress-dose steroids.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse should instruct the client with a platelet count of less than 150,000/µL to avoid which of the following activities?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A platelet count below 150,000/µL indicates thrombocytopenia, increasing bleeding risk. Valsalva's maneuver (e.g., straining during bowel movements) can raise intracranial pressure and cause bleeding, such as cerebral hemorrhage, and should be avoided. Ambulation, visiting children, and semi-Fowler's position are generally safe unless other conditions are present.
Question 3 of 5
A client with peripheral vascular disease returns to the surgical care unit after having femoral-popliteal bypass grafting. Indicate in which order the nurse should conduct assessment of this client.
Order the Items
Source Container
Correct Answer: B,A,C,D
Rationale: The correct order is: 1) Peripheral pulses (to confirm graft patency and limb perfusion, the highest priority); 2) Postoperative pain (to assess comfort and detect complications); 3) Urine output (to monitor renal perfusion and fluid status); 4) Incision site (to check for infection or bleeding, less urgent). This prioritizes circulation and vital organ function.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is developing a care plan with an older adult and is instructing the client that hypertension can be a silent killer. The nurse should instruct the client to be aware of signs and symptoms of other system failures and encourage the client to report signs of which of the following diseases that are often a result of undetected high blood pressure?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Hypertension increases the risk of cerebrovascular accidents (
A) and myocardial infarction (
C), as it damages blood vessels, leading to stroke or heart attack.
Question 5 of 5
A client with renal calculi has a history of dehydration. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High fluid intake (3 L) prevents stone formation by diluting urine.