NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Med Surg Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
During preadmission testing for same-day surgery, a client states that she has added two cloves of garlic each day to her diet to help control her blood pressure. The nurse should further inquire about which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Garlic can affect blood pressure and has anticoagulant properties, which may increase bleeding risk during surgery. Inquiring about the client's blood pressure helps assess the impact of garlic on her condition and informs surgical planning. The type of surgery, amount of garlic, or anesthesia preference are less directly relevant to this concern.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing an older Caucasian male who has a history of peripheral vascular disease. The nurse observes that the man's left great toe is black. The discoloration is probably a result of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A black great toe in a client with PVD likely indicates gangrene, resulting from tissue necrosis due to severe ischemia from arterial occlusion. Atrophy causes muscle wasting, contraction is not a relevant term, and rubor refers to reddish discoloration, not black.
Question 3 of 5
A client has an ileal conduit. Which of the following solutions will be useful to help control odor in the urine collecting bag after it has been cleaned?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vinegar neutralizes odors in the urine collecting bag, is safe for use, and helps maintain appliance integrity.
Question 4 of 5
Which nursing intervention is most important in preventing septic shock?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Septic shock is often caused by infections from invasive devices like urinary catheters. Maintaining asepsis during catheter insertion and care is critical to prevent infection and subsequent septic shock. Fluid therapy, vital signs, and RBC monitoring are important but not primary for prevention.
Question 5 of 5
A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the emergency department with dehydration following the flu. The client has a blood glucose level of 325 mg/dL and a serum potassium level of 3.5 mEq. The physician has ordered 1,000 mL 5% dextrose in water to be infused every 8 hours. Prior to implementing the physician orders, the nurse should contact the physician, explain the situation, provide background information, report the current assessment of the client, and:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 5% dextrose in water is inappropriate for a hyperglycemic client (325 mg/dL), as it may worsen hyperglycemia. The nurse should verify the order, likely suggesting normal saline instead.