NCLEX-RN
Med Surg RN NCLEX Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has mitral stenosis and is a prospective valve recipient. The nurse is instructing the client about health maintenance prior to surgery. Inability to follow which of the following regimens would pose the greatest health hazard to this client at this time?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Medication therapy (e.g., anticoagulants, diuretics) is critical to manage symptoms and prevent complications like thromboembolism in mitral stenosis.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted from the emergency department after falling down a flight of stairs at home. Her vital signs are stable and her history states that she had a gastric stapling 2 years ago and takes neomycin for acne. The client jokes about how she is clumsy lately and trips over things. The nurse should ask the client which of the following questions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Gastric stapling can impair vitamin B12 absorption, and neomycin may further reduce B12 levels by altering gut flora. The client's clumsiness and falls suggest possible B12 deficiency neuropathy, warranting questions about numbness and B12 intake. Asking about safety at home is crucial to assess for environmental or abuse-related causes of falls. Depression and iron intake are less directly related to the symptoms described.
Question 3 of 5
When assessing a client for early septic shock, the nurse observes for which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early septic shock is characterized by vasodilation and increased cardiac output, leading to warm, flushed skin. Cool, clammy skin and decreased blood pressure occur in later stages, and hemorrhage is not a feature of septic shock.
Question 4 of 5
After instructing a client with diverticulosis about appropriate self-care activities, which of the following client comments indicate effective teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Effective teaching is indicated by the client understanding the need for a high-fiber diet (
C), adequate fluid intake (
D), and regular exercise (E) to manage diverticulosis. Diverticulosis cannot be cured (
A), and cathartic laxatives (
B) are not recommended as they can irritate the bowel. CN: Health promotion and maintenance; CL: Evaluate
Question 5 of 5
The nurse should monitor the client with Cushing's disease for which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia is common in Cushing's disease due to aldosterone excess, causing potassium loss.