NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Exam Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 10-year-old has been diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The clinical findings were proteinuria, moderately elevated blood pressure, and periorbital edema. Which dietary plan is most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A high-protein diet is usually indicated because protein is excreted in urine. Protein restriction is usually prescribed with severe azotemia. The kidneys usually enlarge in these children, and sodium and water are retained. Fluid restriction may be ordered to help reduce edema; however, monitoring for dehydration is indicated. A high-cholesterol diet would not be indicated for any child, especially one with elevated blood pressure.
Question 2 of 5
A male client has asthma and his physician has prescribed beclomethasone (Vanceril) 3 puffs tid in addition to his other medications. After taking his beclomethasone, the client should be instructed to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drinking water or gargling after using a steroid inhaler like beclomethasone prevents oral candidal infections, a common side effect.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following should the nurse anticipate receiving as an as-needed order for a postoperative carotid endarterectomy client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is important to maintain a normal to slightly lower pressure to prevent the graft from blowing and excessive pressure to surgical vascular areas. (B, C,
D) None of these drugs is related to managing the problem at hand. Also, none of the problems for which these drugs would be indicated is expected with this type of surgery, except if there is a prior history.
Question 4 of 5
The client is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for heart failure. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, causes potassium loss, risking hypokalemia, which can lead to arrhythmias. Calcium, hemoglobin, and BUN are less directly affected.
Question 5 of 5
A female client admitted to the labor and delivery unit thinks her bag of water 'broke' approximately 2 hours ago. She is having mild contractions 5 minutes apart. The most immediate nursing intervention would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amniotic fluid is generally pale and straw colored. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid would indicate a previous hypoxic episode. This intervention, though appropriate, is not the immediate priority. With rupture of the membranes, the umbilical cord may prolapse if the presenting part does not fill the pelvis. Assessing FHR ascertains fetal well-being. More information regarding fetal status and assessing for membrane rupture is needed prior to contacting the physician. Nitrazine test paper differentiates amniotic fluid from urine. Amniotic fluid is normally alkaline in contrast to urine, which is acidic. This intervention, though appropriate, is not the immediate priority.