NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical Nursing NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate in a client who has been diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ARDS with severe hypoxemia typically requires mechanical ventilation to support oxygenation and ventilation. Tracheostomy is considered later. Nasal cannula is inadequate. Chest tubes are for pneumothorax, not ARDS.
Question 2 of 5
What should the nurse assess first in a client with a recent head injury?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pupil response is assessed first to detect neurological changes, such as increased intracranial pressure, in a head injury.
Question 3 of 5
What diet should be implemented for a client who is in the early stages of cirrhosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A high-calorie, high-carbohydrate diet (
A) supports energy needs in early cirrhosis. High-protein (
B) may worsen encephalopathy. Low-fat, low-protein (
C) is too restrictive. Low-sodium (
D) is relevant for ascites, not early cirrhosis.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse reviews an arterial blood gas report for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). pH 7.35; PCO2 62; PO2 70; HCO3 34. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ABG shows compensated respiratory acidosis (normal pH, high PCO2, high HCO3) with mild hypoxemia (PO2 70). Assessing vital signs evaluates stability before escalating care. A non-rebreather mask or intubation is premature. Repositioning may help but is less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following client statements identifies a knowledge deficit about cast care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulling out cast padding can cause skin irritation or pressure sores, indicating a knowledge deficit.