NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is planning a home visit for a client with hepatitis. In order to prevent transmission the nurse should focus teaching on:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatitis B and C are transmitted via body fluids, so condom use (
D) prevents sexual transmission. Food handling (
A) is key for hepatitis A, syringe disposal (
B) applies to needle-sharing, and alpha-interferon (
C) is a treatment, not a preventive measure.
Question 2 of 5
One goal of care for a client with PVD is to decrease anxiety, so as to decrease or prevent vasoconstriction of the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anxiety can trigger sympathetic nervous system activation, causing arterial vasoconstriction, which worsens ischemia in PVD. Reducing anxiety helps maintain arterial dilation and blood flow. Capillaries, lymphatics, and veins are less affected by this mechanism.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse instructs the unlicensed nursing personnel (UAP) on how to provide oral hygiene for a client who cannot perform this task for himself. Which of the following techniques should the nurse tell the UAP to incorporate into the client's daily care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using a soft toothbrush after meals is an effective and safe method for providing oral hygiene, promoting cleanliness without causing trauma.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse evaluates that the client correctly understands how to report signs and symptoms of bleeding when the client makes which of the following statements?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ecchymoses are large, purple bruises caused by bleeding under the skin, a common sign of thrombocytopenia. This statement shows correct understanding. Petechiae are small, pinpoint red dots, not large bruises; 'emmum' is not a medical term; and abrasions are superficial skin injuries, not bleeding signs.
Question 5 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with vasospastic disorder (Raynaud's phenomenon) on the tip of the nose and fingertips. The physician has prescribed reserpine (Serpasil) to determine if the client will obtain relief. The client's history reveals that he lives in Vermont and works outside in the logging industry. He smokes two packs of cigarettes a day. Which of the following components are an important part of the discharge plan for this client? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Rationales:
A) Stopping smoking reduces vasoconstriction triggered by nicotine, critical in Raynaud's.
B) Face covering and gloves protect against cold, a trigger for vasospasm.
D) Working in a warm environment minimizes cold exposure. E) Reserpine may cause orthostatic hypotension, requiring monitoring.
C) Cool water worsens vasospasm; warm water is recommended.