NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Med Surg Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client admitted with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) asks the nurse why her legs hurt when she walks. The nurse bases a response on the knowledge that the main characteristic of PVD is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The hallmark of PVD is decreased blood flow due to arterial narrowing from atherosclerosis or other occlusive processes. This reduced flow causes ischemia, leading to claudication (pain during walking) that is relieved by rest. Increased or slow blood flow and thrombus formation are not the primary characteristics.
Question 2 of 5
Which action is contraindicated for a client with a risk of increased ICP?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Coughing is contraindicated as it increases intracranial pressure.
Question 3 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis states, 'I can't do my household chores without becoming tired. My knees hurt whenever I walk.' Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's symptoms of fatigue and knee pain directly contribute to activity intolerance, making this the most appropriate nursing diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
Which nursing intervention is most important in preventing septic shock?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Septic shock is often caused by infections from invasive devices like urinary catheters. Maintaining asepsis during catheter insertion and care is critical to prevent infection and subsequent septic shock. Fluid therapy, vital signs, and RBC monitoring are important but not primary for prevention.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse asks the client to state her name as soon as she regains consciousness postoperatively after a subtotal thyroidectomy and at each assessment. The nurse does this to monitor for signs of which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asking the client to speak monitors for laryngeal nerve damage, which can cause vocal cord paralysis and hoarseness, a potential complication of thyroidectomy.