NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical Nursing NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client undergoing a bilateral adrenalectomy has postoperative orders for hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid) 2 mg to be given subcutaneously every 4 hours as needed for pain. The medication is administered in relatively small doses primarily because it is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydromorphone is a potent opioid, effective in small doses, reducing the need for larger doses that increase side effect risks.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a client who has returned to the medical-surgical unit following repair of an aortic aneurysm. The nurse first should assess the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-aortic aneurysm repair, assessing renal perfusion is critical, as the surgery may involve clamping the aorta, risking renal ischemia. Reduced urine output or elevated creatinine indicates renal compromise. Electrolyte imbalance, coping, and infection are secondary concerns.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse's discharge teaching plan for the client with heart failure should stress the importance of which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily weights at the same time detect fluid retention early, a key strategy to prevent heart failure exacerbations.
Question 4 of 5
A family member asks the nurse why their loved one with end-stage liver cancer is so restless. The nurse's best response is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Restlessness is a common symptom in the dying process, often due to metabolic changes or psychological factors, and explaining this normalizes the family's experience.
Question 5 of 5
What should the nurse teach a client about how to avoid the dumping syndrome? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale:
To avoid dumping syndrome, clients should reduce fluids with meals, ensure adequate protein and fat, and eat in a relaxing environment. Three meals a day and high-carbohydrate foods can exacerbate symptoms.