NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical Nursing NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 58-year-old male is going to have chemotherapy for lung cancer. He asks the nurse how the chemotherapeutic drugs will work. The most accurate explanation the nurse can give is which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemotherapy often works by altering the DNA structure of cancer cells, inhibiting their ability to replicate and leading to cell death.
Question 2 of 5
A client has renal colic due to renal lithiasis. What is the nurse's first priority in managing care for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe pain from renal colic is the priority, requiring opioid analgesics for immediate relief to improve client comfort and cooperation.
Question 3 of 5
A client with peripheral vascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease takes theophylline (Theo-Dur) 200 mg twice daily every day. The physician is considering adding pentoxifylline (Trental) to the regimen. The nurse should be aware that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pentoxifylline may increase theophylline levels by inhibiting its metabolism, potentially leading to toxicity (e.g., nausea, tachycardia). The nurse should monitor theophylline levels and symptoms. Bleeding risk, severe hypotension, or contraindication are not documented interactions.
Question 4 of 5
Which activity increases the risk of renal calculi?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sedentary lifestyle promotes urinary stasis, increasing stone risk.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a group of clients who have had total hip replacement. Of the clients listed below, which is at highest risk for infection and should be assessed first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Periodontal disease increases infection risk due to potential bacterial spread to the prosthesis.