NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Test Bank with Rationales Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The primary health care provider prescribes 650 mg of an antibiotic to be administered intravenously every 6 hours. The medication label reads as follows: reconstitute with 4.8 mL of bacteriostatic water to yield 2 g in 5 mL. How many mL should the nurse withdraw from the vial for 1 dose? Fill in the blank. Record the answer using 1 decimal place.
Correct Answer: 1.6 mL
Rationale: Convert 2 g to mg and then use the formula for calculating medication doses. In the metric system, to convert larger to smaller, multiply by 1000 or move the decimal 3 places to the right.
Therefore, 2 g = 2000 mg. Formula: Desired / Available x Available Volume = 650 mg / 2000 mg x 5 mL = 1.625 mL = 1.6 mL.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is administering a dose of ondansetron hydrochloride to a client for nausea and vomiting. Which frequent side effect of this medication should the nurse instruct the client to report?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ondansetron hydrochloride is a selective receptor antagonist used as an antinausea and antiemetic. Frequent side effects include anxiety, drowsiness, dizziness, headache, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, urinary retention, and hypoxia. Occasional side effects include abdominal pain, diminished saliva secretion, fever, feeling cold, paresthesia, and weakness. Rare side effects include hypersensitivity reaction and blurred vision.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with suspected meningitis. Which finding requires immediate action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nuchal rigidity is a critical sign of meningitis, indicating meningeal irritation and requiring immediate medical intervention to prevent complications.
Question 4 of 5
Your pregnant client has a new order for a medication. What principle should you apply to this new medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Drugs in FDA pregnancy categories C, D, and X carry risks (potential harm, known harm, or absolute contraindication, respectively) and are generally contraindicated in pregnancy unless benefits outweigh risks.
Question 5 of 5
After instructing a primiparous client who is breast-feeding on how to prevent nipple soreness during feedings, the nurse determines that the client needs further instruction when she states which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Varying the baby's position during feeding prevents nipple soreness, so using the same position indicates a need for further instruction.