NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Test Bank with Rationales Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has an order to administer ampicillin (Omnipen) 250 mg I.M. After reconstituting the ampicillin with sterile water for injection, the solution available is 500 mg/mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To administer 250 mg from a 500 mg/mL solution, the calculation is 250 mg / 500 mg/mL = 0.5 mL.
Question 2 of 5
An older client has been prescribed casanthranol on a long-term basis to treat constipation. The nurse determines that which laboratory finding is a result of the side/adverse effects of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypokalemia can result from long-term use of casanthranol, which is a laxative. The medication stimulates peristalsis and alters fluid and electrolyte transport, thus helping fluid to accumulate in the colon. The normal range for potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L). The normal range for sodium is 135 to 145 mEq/L (135 to 145 mmol/L). The remaining options all suggest normal values.
Question 3 of 5
An 80-year-old client with severe kidney damage is placed on life support and dialysis. Care decisions are being made by his wife, who is showing signs of early Alzheimer's disease. The client's daughter arrives from out of town with a copy of the client's living will, which states that the client did not want to be on life support. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informing the physician about the living will ensures that the client's wishes are addressed promptly.
Question 4 of 5
A client diagnosed with glomerulonephritis and at risk of developing acute kidney injury should be monitored for which complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute kidney injury caused by glomerulonephritis is classified as intrinsic or intrarenal failure. This form of acute kidney injury is commonly manifested by hypertension, tachycardia, oliguria, lethargy, edema, and other signs of fluid overload. Acute kidney injury from prerenal causes is characterized by decreased blood pressure or a recent history of the same, tachycardia, and decreased cardiac output and central venous pressure. Bradycardia is not part of the clinical picture for renal failure.
Question 5 of 5
A client has atrial fibrillation. The nurse should monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of thromboembolism, leading to cerebrovascular accident (stroke). Cardiac arrest, heart block, and ventricular fibrillation are less directly associated.