NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Predictor Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Nursing interventions designed to decrease the risk of infection in a client with an indwelling catheter include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Catheter site care at least twice daily prevents pathogen growth at the insertion site, reducing infection risk. The other options are either incorrect or not optimal.
Question 2 of 5
A female client has been recently diagnosed as bipolar. She has taken lithium for the past several weeks to control mania. What must be included in client education regarding lithium toxicity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client should maintain a normal diet including normal salt intake. A low-sodium diet can cause lithium retention, leading to toxicity. Lithium must be taken with meals because it is irritating to the gastric mucosa. Diarrhea, vomiting, or diaphoresis can cause dehydration, which will increase lithium blood levels. If these symptoms occur, the nurse should instruct the client to withhold lithium. Lithium is not to be taken with over-the-counter drugs without specific instruction. Some drugs raise lithium levels, whereas others lower lithium levels.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with shortness of breath and leg edema. Which medication would the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide, a diuretic, reduces fluid overload in heart failure, relieving shortness of breath and edema. Metoprolol (
A) manages heart rate, Warfarin (
C) prevents clots, and Atorvastatin (
D) lowers cholesterol, but none address fluid directly.
Question 4 of 5
The client is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding lying down after meals prevents acid reflux in hiatal hernia. Small meals, elevating the head of the bed, and avoiding caffeine are also recommended.
Question 5 of 5
Parents should be taught not to prop the bottle when feeding their infants. In addition to the risk of choking, it puts the infant at risk for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because the eustachian tube is short and straight in the infant, formula that pools in the back of the throat attacks bacteria which can enter the middle ear and cause an infection. Asthma is not associated with propping the bottle. Conjunctivitis is an eye infection and not associated with propping the bottle.
Tonsillitis is usually a result of pharyngitis and not propping the bottle.