NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Predictor Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A female client has been recently diagnosed as bipolar. She has taken lithium for the past several weeks to control mania. What must be included in client education regarding lithium toxicity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client should maintain a normal diet including normal salt intake. A low-sodium diet can cause lithium retention, leading to toxicity. Lithium must be taken with meals because it is irritating to the gastric mucosa. Diarrhea, vomiting, or diaphoresis can cause dehydration, which will increase lithium blood levels. If these symptoms occur, the nurse should instruct the client to withhold lithium. Lithium is not to be taken with over-the-counter drugs without specific instruction. Some drugs raise lithium levels, whereas others lower lithium levels.
Question 2 of 5
A female client at 10 weeks' gestation complains to her physician of slight vaginal bleeding and mild cramps. On examination, her physician determines that her cervix is closed. The client is exhibiting signs of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An inevitable abortion includes the signs of cervical dilation and effacement as well as pain and bleeding. A threatened abortion is a condition in which intrauterine bleeding occurs early in pregnancy, the cervix remains undilated, and the uterine contents are not necessarily expelled. An incomplete abortion occurs when some portions of the products of conception are expelled from the uterus. A missed abortion occurs when the embryo dies in utero and is retained in the uterus.
Question 3 of 5
A client is admitted with a diagnosis of myxedema. An initial assessment of the client would reveal the symptoms of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myxedema (severe hypothyroidism) causes weight gain, lethargy, slowed speech, and decreased respiratory rate due to slowed metabolism. The other options describe hyperthyroidism or mixed symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
The child with iron poisoning is given IV deferoxamine mesylate (Desferal). Following administration, the child suffers hypotension, facial flushing, and urticaria. The initial nursing intervention would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The IV line should not be discontinued because other IV medications will be needed. Stop the medication and begin a normal saline infusion. The child is exhibiting signs of an allergic reaction and could go into shock if the medication is not stopped. The line should be kept opened for other medication. Taking vital signs and reporting to the physician is not an adequate intervention because the IV medication continues to flow. Assessing urinary output and, if it is 30 mL an hour, maintaining current treatment is an inappropriate intervention owing to the child's obvious allergic reaction.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following ECG changes would be seen as a positive myocardial stress test response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperacute T waves occur with hyperkalemia. Prolongation of the PR interval occurs with first-degree AV block. Horizontal ST-segment depression of >1 mm during exercise is definitely a positive criterion on the exercise ECG test. Pathological Q waves occur with MI.