NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Predictor Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A female client has been recently diagnosed as bipolar. She has taken lithium for the past several weeks to control mania. What must be included in client education regarding lithium toxicity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client should maintain a normal diet including normal salt intake. A low-sodium diet can cause lithium retention, leading to toxicity. Lithium must be taken with meals because it is irritating to the gastric mucosa. Diarrhea, vomiting, or diaphoresis can cause dehydration, which will increase lithium blood levels. If these symptoms occur, the nurse should instruct the client to withhold lithium. Lithium is not to be taken with over-the-counter drugs without specific instruction. Some drugs raise lithium levels, whereas others lower lithium levels.
Question 2 of 5
Assessment of a newborn for Apgar scoring includes observation for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heart rate is a critical component of Apgar scoring, assessed at 1 and 5 minutes to evaluate newborn vitality.
Question 3 of 5
A 35-weeks-pregnant client is undergoing a nonstress test (NST). During the 20-minute examination, the nurse notes three fetal movements accompanied by accelerations of the fetal heart rate, each 15 bpm, lasting 15 seconds. The nurse interprets this test to be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A reactive NST shows at least two accelerations of FHR (15 bpm, lasting 15 seconds) with fetal movements over 20 minutes, indicating fetal well-being.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with a history of diabetes about eye care. The nurse should tell the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular eye exams detect diabetic retinopathy early, preventing vision loss in diabetes.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with shortness of breath and leg edema. Which medication would the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide, a diuretic, reduces fluid overload in heart failure, relieving shortness of breath and edema. Metoprolol (
A) manages heart rate, Warfarin (
C) prevents clots, and Atorvastatin (
D) lowers cholesterol, but none address fluid directly.