HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which acid-base mechanism would the kidney use to buffer a patient's acidosis (serum pH <7.35)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: The kidneys buffer acidosis by eliminating excess hydrogen ions (H+) and reabsorbing additional bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) to neutralize acid and raise pH.
Question 2 of 5
A patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) values include a pH of 7.48, a PaCO2 of 38, and an HCO3- of 30. Around which acid-base imbalance would the nurse plan the patient's care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis is indicated by a high pH (7.48) and elevated HCO3- (30 mEq/L), with normal PaCO2, suggesting no respiratory involvement.
Question 3 of 5
Which component forms an adhesive bridge between platelets and vascular subendothelial structures in the clotting process?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Von Willebrand factor forms an adhesive bridge between platelets and vascular subendothelial structures, crucial for hemostasis at sites of vascular injury.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse provides education regarding daily activities to a patient with thrombocytopenia. Which activity identified by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shaving using an electric razor reduces the risk of cuts and bleeding, appropriate for a patient with thrombocytopenia due to low platelet counts.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse provides discharge teaching to a patient with venous leg ulcers. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Not wearing tight knee-high socks is correct, as tight clothing can impede circulation; the statement suggests misunderstanding, indicating a need for further education.