HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is administering the muscle relaxant baclofen by mouth (PO) to a client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Baclofen can cause dizziness or orthostatic hypotension, increasing fall risk in clients with multiple sclerosis, who may already have impaired coordination. Advising slow, cautious movement when rising and walking is the most critical intervention to prevent falls. Monitoring intake/output or muscle strength is not directly related to baclofen’s side effects, and abrupt discontinuation risks withdrawal.
Question 2 of 5
A female client who is a vegetarian has a new prescription for warfarin. The client states she eats leafy green vegetables every day. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warfarin’s anticoagulant effect is reduced by vitamin K, abundant in leafy greens. Informing the healthcare provider about the client’s consistent intake allows for dose adjustments to maintain therapeutic anticoagulation. Replacing vegetables is unnecessary, commending the diet ignores the interaction, and leafy greens may reduce warfarin’s efficacy, not enhance it.
Question 3 of 5
A client who received a renal transplant three months ago is readmitted to the acute care unit with signs of graft rejection. While taking the client’s history, the nurse determines that the client has been self-administering St. John’s Wort, an herbal preparation, on the advice of a friend. Which information is most significant about this finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: St. John’s Wort induces liver enzymes, reducing cyclosporine levels, an immunosuppressant critical for preventing transplant rejection. This interaction directly contributes to graft rejection, making it the most significant finding. Sodium intake, corticosteroid needs, or depression treatment are less relevant to the acute issue.
Question 4 of 5
A client in the surgical recovery area asks the nurse to bring the largest possible dose of pain medication available. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessing the client’s pain level using a pain scale provides objective data to determine the appropriate dose and urgency of pain management, guiding safe administration. Diversional strategies, drug history, or prior dose timing are secondary to understanding current pain intensity.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a client with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Duloxetine is metabolized by the liver, and hepatotoxicity is a rare but serious risk. Obtaining liver function test results ensures safe administration, as impaired liver function increases toxicity risk. Family history, weight changes, or other antidepressant use are relevant but secondary to liver function.