HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical Hesi Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
After teaching a client newly diagnosed with cholecystitis about recommended diet changes, the nurse evaluates the client's learning. Which food choices eliminated by the client indicate to the nurse that teaching has been successful?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Eliminating whole milk and daily ice cream indicates successful teaching, as these high-fat foods can worsen gallbladder inflammation and increase gallstone formation risk.
Extract:
History and physical
Flow sheet
Nurses’ Notes
Imaging studies 1935
A 70-year-old female presents to the emergency department through triage with a noticeable facial droop and garbled speech. After having a few drinks at a local seafood restaurant, the patient’s husband noticed his wife’s speech became difficult to understand
Question 2 of 5
Specify which findings indicate early interventions for an ischemic stroke were effective? Focused assessment area: Neurological, Muscoskeletal, Psychosocial
| Neurological: Drinks with repetitive cough, Speaks in short sentences, Decorticate posturing; Muscoskeletal: Flaccidity of left arm, Ambulates with a walker, Passive range of motion on left leg; Psychosocial: Fits of laughter, Tearful sharing of stories, Angry outburst |
| Neurological: Speaks in short sentences; Muscoskeletal: Ambulates with a walker; Psychosocial: Tearful sharing of stories |
Correct Answer: B,B,B
Rationale: Neurological: Speaking in short sentences indicates improved speech from garbled to intelligible. Muscoskeletal: Ambulating with a walker shows regained mobility. Psychosocial: Tearful sharing of stories reflects normal emotional expression and preserved memory, indicating effective early interventions.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A client who received 6 units of packed red blood cells 3 days ago for a lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleed is now displaying signs of shortness of breath with occasional stridor and is reporting muscle cramping. Which serum laboratory value should the nurse immediately report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calcium 6.5 mg/dL (1.63 mmol/L) is below the normal reference range and can cause muscle spasms, cramps, tingling, numbness, and stridor. This critical value should be immediately reported to the healthcare provider, as it can indicate a serious condition such as acute pancreatitis, sepsis, or massive blood transfusion.
Question 4 of 5
A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia has a CD4+ T cell count of 200 cells/mm³ (20%). The client asks the nurse why they have these recurring massive infections. Which pathophysiologic mechanism should the nurse describe in response to this client's question?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inadequate numbers of CD4+ T cells, due to HIV infection, impair cellular immunity, leading to susceptibility to opportunistic infections like Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chemotherapy-induced mucositis who is describing soreness of the tongue and oral issues. Which is the best initial nursing action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging frequent mouth care is the best initial action to prevent or reduce the severity of mucositis by removing plaque, bacteria, and debris, and moisturizing the oral tissues.