HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical Hesi Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with acute renal injury (AKI) weighs 110.3 pounds (50 kg) and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/L) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a medication that binds to excess potassium in the gastrointestinal tract and removes it from the body through feces. It is used to treat hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood. Hyperkalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness, and it is a common complication of AKI.
Therefore, this medication should be administered first to lower the potassium level and prevent life-threatening complications.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing an older client for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast. Which laboratory value should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before the scan is performed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL (169 umol/L) indicates moderate renal insufficiency, which can increase the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy, a sudden deterioration of kidney function after exposure to contrast media used for imaging studies such as MRI. This should be reported to the healthcare provider to assess the risk and benefit of the procedure and to take preventive measures such as hydration or alternative imaging modalities.
Question 3 of 5
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease is to begin hemodialysis treatment. Which statement should the nurse include in client education?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin dosage may need to be reduced during hemodialysis because insulin is removed by the dialyzer and blood glucose levels may drop. This is the correct statement to include in client education.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is admitted to the hospital with symptoms consistent with a right hemisphere stroke. Which neurovascular assessment requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pupillary changes to ipsilateral dilation indicate increased intracranial pressure, which is a life-threatening complication of stroke. The nurse should notify the physician and prepare for emergency measures.
Question 5 of 5
After performing a head-to-toe assessment for a client with Addison's disease, the nurse reports findings to the healthcare provider. The findings include moist mucous membranes, strong palpable peripheral pulses, and blood pressure 132/88 mm Hg. The client verbalizes understanding of the illness and importance of taking medications every day. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preparing the client for discharge home is the best action for the nurse to implement, as the client has no signs of complications or deterioration from Addison's disease. The client should be able to manage the condition at home with regular follow-up and medication adherence.