HESI RN
HESI RN Patho Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
When planning care for a client who is diagnosed with a large abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the nurse should carefully monitor for which signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: AAA rupture causes flank pain and hypotension (
A) from internal bleeding. Shortness of breath and chest pain (
B) suggest thoracic issues. Absent pulses/darkened toes (
C) indicate peripheral ischemia, not AAA. Tea-colored urine (
D) suggests kidney injury, not primary AAA signs.
Question 2 of 5
In caring for an infant after circumcision, the nurse observes continued bleeding from the site and suspects hemophilia. Which hematological components are insufficient causing bleeding if hemophilia is present?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) or B (factor IX deficiency) (
A) impairs clotting, causing prolonged bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency (
B) affects factors II, VII, IX, X, not VIII. Low platelets (
C) cause thrombocytopenia, not hemophilia. Factors V and VII (
D) are unrelated.
Question 3 of 5
An older male reports to the clinic nurse that he sometimes feels chest pressure and becomes breathless. He further describes an event where he had to sit for about one hour before he felt better. He is asymptomatic at rest, but is concerned that he has had a heart attack. This clinical picture is consistent with which cardiac ischemic event?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stable angina (
C) causes predictable chest pressure with exertion, relieved by rest, as described. MI (
A) involves prolonged pain and necrosis, not relieved by rest. Unstable angina (
B) occurs at rest or with increasing severity. Prinzmetal angina (
D) is due to coronary spasm, often at rest with ECG changes.
Question 4 of 5
A client is being treated for a gastric ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori. The nurse should prepare the client for long term follow-up to which associated problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: H. pylori infection increases gastric carcinoma risk (
A) due to chronic inflammation and mucosal changes, requiring long-term monitoring. Hypokalemia (
B) is unrelated; PPIs may rarely cause it. Kidney stones (
C) and celiac disease (
D) are not directly linked to H. pylori.
Question 5 of 5
A client received midazolam 2 mg and morphine sulfate 4 mg for a liver biopsy. After the procedure, the nurse positions the client on the right side and monitors the vital signs. Which is the physiological reason for the nurse’s intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Positioning on the right side (
A) applies pressure to the liver biopsy site, promoting hemostasis and reducing bleeding risk, as the liver is on the right. Aspiration prevention (
B) is relevant during anesthesia recovery, not post-biopsy. Pain management (
C) involves analgesics, not positioning. Pulmonary expansion (
D) is achieved via breathing exercises, not side-lying.